Tuesday, February 11, 2020

Organizational behaviors and leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Organizational behaviors and leadership - Essay Example Advance scenarios played reflection 20 5.2 Appendix II leader self-sight reflection 22 1.0ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS AND LEADERSHIP 1.1Introduction Ability to not only influence but also inspire others to endeavor the leader towards leaders’ goal is referred to us leadership. On the contrary, it is argued that leadership is a process of an individual influencing others to attain a certain goal. Further, it is important to realize that leadership can be those qualities that viewers see but on the other hand, cannot describe. Leadership is manifested in the following ways, when there is a crisis and someone comes in to solve, or when someone influences others, or when some people tent to follows others. To crown it all, leadership usually comes in a visible state when there is someone who responds to something innovatively. Four main theories for generations erupt as follows: there are traits theories, contingency theories, behavioral theories and lastly transformational theories just to mention but a few. According to the article written by John Mark, it is evident that all of the four theories outlined above none of them is neither time bound nor mutually exclusive. However, according to experts, it is true that each of the generation above, it has to some extent benefit to the leadership debate although still debate continues up to date. There are different titles that are used to describe the division of modern management. Therefore, leadership can be discussed under the following categories, for instance charismatic leadership in the current ongoing debate on leadership that replaces transformational leadership. Secondly, there is an approach based on skills, self-management, and leadership that involves sharing just to mention but a few. Due to the above, it is pertinent to approach the above phenomena with the model of leadership that is classical. The following are some of the pertinent traits that a leader should have. It is, a leader should have a need for achievement, resolution, and courage, capacity to motivate individuals and should have trustworthiness character just to mention but a few. The above figure shows the New Reality of Leadership 1.2VIRTUE LEADERSHIP PRACTICE AND THEORY 1.2.1Origins of Leadership Theory According to the great man theory, it is evident that there are those people who are born naturally as a leader. The article goes further to site people like Alexander the great and Caesar Julius. In addition, people like Mahatma and bush George are related in the theory of Heroic conception of leadership (1880) as being leaders by natural phenomena. This is due to their high level of clear vision and ambitions to their destinations. The above is because they have a unique set of personal qualities, which propelled

Friday, January 31, 2020

World War I Essay Example for Free

World War I Essay In a major world event such as world war, the world economy is much affected. At first it is surprising to know that there is a boost in economy during the war. Actually, the economic problem really took place after the war. Indeed, economic recession happens as an aftermath of a war like what happened after World War I. Just like the case of 1921 recession, the world economy experienced its worst condition years after the war. What is the reason for that? Economic experts believe that the end of war time production as well as the influx of returning troops caused a great recession in the world economy. In a major world event such as world war, the world economy is much affected. At first it is surprising to know that there is a boost in economy during the war. Actually, the economic problem really took place after the war. Indeed, economic recession happens as an aftermath of a war like what happened after World War I. Just like the case of 1921 recession, the world economy experienced its worst condition years after the war. What is the reason for that? Economic experts believe that the end of war time production as well as the influx of returning troops caused a great recession in the world economy. During World War I, there were a lot of war time related productions such as weapons that cause a certain boost in world’s economy. If there are greater productions, it follows that a lot of labor is needed. This will lessen the rate of unemployment in those countries that are involved in the war. In the case of World War I, the production of war related products stopped which means that a lot of workers who are related to the said industry lose their job. The increase in the production of money because of the increase in war expenditure resulted to inflation. Although there is an increase of the number of money in the circulation, still the economy is not in good situation because of high prices. Other than that, those troops who return after the war added to the number of unemployed people. Although the America experienced the worst effect of recession in 1921, still countries such as United States was able to recover and even experience economic growth. New factories that are producing radios and automobiles emerged. Aside from that, a lot of women left their work to give way to the returning troops. That is the reason why it was easy for the United States economy to recover after the post war recession. But still the economic growth that the United States had experienced gave way to what is known as great depression. The great depression in US economy started when a breakdown in the stock market had occurred known as Black Tuesday. As we look at the world wide great depression, we cannot say that it is a sudden collapse of the world economy. Black Tuesday was just the start of it. In 1930, US government and business spent so much but the consumers who suffered from a great loses during the black Tuesday decreased their expenditures by ten percent. Other than that, there was a severe drought in the US during that time. As a result, personal income, tax revenues, income and profit, as well as international trade had declined. Meanwhile, there is also a belief that the Great Depression was caused by poor policy of the American Federal Reserve System. Because of the belief that it is for the regulation of money, the said institution allowed the money supply to shrink. They believed that they can recover easily just like what happened during the 1921 recession. They didn’t expect that it will affect a great number of investor that will cause them to stop investing. Meanwhile, there are also other historians who blame the U. S. Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act in the decline of international trade which later worsened the Great Depression. Because of the fact that foreign trade is just a small part of their economy, US had ignored the possibility of affecting the economy of other countries. As a conclusion, we can say that the experience of fast recovery from the post World War I recession gave so much confidence to the US economy that they ignored the possibility of another economic breakdown such as the Great Depression. Because of their so much economic security, they did some careless act that lead to Great Depression and even worsening the situation.

Thursday, January 23, 2020

Essay --

Disease and disorders affect a vast amount of lives in today’s world. Diseases are conditions that affect normal functions of the body. Many diseases and disorders are still being discovered and explored by scientists. One disorder that can disturb a person’s daily life and events is Generalized Anxiety Disorder also known as GAD. Generalized Anxiety Disorder is a disorder causing constant and often unrealistic worry and anxiety. It alters the way a person thinks and can ultimately lead to physical symptoms. This disorder, while having many physical and emotional affects, can be managed and maintained. Pathophysiology Worry, doubt, irritability, exaggerated anxiety, and unexplained tension are just a few of the many effects of Generalized Anxiety Disorder or GAD. While the symptoms aren’t life threatening, they remain unpleasant to control and many feel so overwhelmed, this can lead to patient’s use of substances and occasionally suicide. Though the cause of this disorder remains unknown, the main source of GAD comes from the brain. Genetics, Brain chemistry, and environmental factors are believed to be the main causes of onset of GAD. â€Å"Trauma and stressful events, such as abuse, the death of a loved one, divorce, changing jobs or schools, may lead to GAD†(WebMD: Anxiety & Panic Disorders Health Center, 2012, p.2). The neurotransmitters tell the brain how to feel and react. Many neurotransmitters have been connected to this disorder, including serotonin, GABA, and Norepinephrine. When hormones become thrown off or unbalanced this can also trigger Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Calm Clinic: Neurotransmitters and Anxiety states (2013), â€Å"Interestingly, too much or too little of any hormone may also affect anxiet... ...d health professionals as well. Medical practitioners encourage healthy habits, such as an exercise plan, to push the body to producing and releasing more endorphins. The medical provider may also recommend life style changes and that the patient find a hobby to preoccupy those anxious thoughts. There are many options available to help a patient deal with this illness. Generalized Anxiety Disorder is becoming more commonly recognized every day by healthcare providers; therefore the physical and mental symptoms are becoming more easily managed. The worrying, stress, and physical symptoms brought on by GAD can be treated with many options, previously not available. While an untreated patient may feel hopeless and helpless, with a treatment plan created by healthcare professionals, a person can feel like they are in control of their mental status and life again.

Wednesday, January 15, 2020

Character Of Davies In Caretaker By Harold Pinter

Davies, an old tramp, is the protagonist in The Caretaker. His portrayal, says Ruby Cohen, is â€Å"a bitter commentary on the human condition†. In their attitudes towards the old man, the human derelict, the two brothers present only surfaces contrasts. Mick begins by knocking him down, whereas Aston, instead of allowing him to die in despair, rescues him, shares his room with him and opens up home to him. Bother the brothers name the old man as caretaker, offer him a kind of scrutiny, which they both subsequently withdraw.Mick turns his back on the old man for failing to fulfil a role to which he never aspired, but Aston rejects him for what he is cantankerous, self-deluded and desperate. Of all Pinter's plays, The Caretaker makes the most bitter commentary on the human condition; instead of allowing an old man to die beaten in a pub brawl, â€Å"the System† wisest on tantalising him with faint hope, thereby immeasurably increasing his final desperate anguish. There i s perhaps a pun contained in the title: The Caretaker is twisted into taker on of care, for care is the human destiny. Davies-Aston RelationshipThe Davies-Aston relationship begins with Aston apparently in command of the situation as both hos and rescuer of the itinerant Davies. His calm, quiet acceptance of the uneasy guest seems a natural posture of superiority, and Davies at first accepts it as such. As both guest and rescued, Davies, in contrast to Aston, is noisy, repetitive and insecure. The evident aim of his early initiatives is to locate a potential common ground and probably one that will be seen his degree of dependency in the relationship. Ironically, his insecurity is increased by the very means that he adopts to diminish it.The fact that it is he, and not Aston, who feels compelled to talk undermines his position at the same time that his verbal manoeuvres seek to strengthen it. Davies: Sit down' Huh†¦ I haven't had a good sit down†¦. I haven ‘I had a p roper sit down†¦ well, I could tell you†¦ Aston: (placing the chair): Here you are. Davies: Ten minutes off for a tea-break in the middle of the night in that place and I couldn't find a seal, not one. All them Greeks had it, Poles, Greeks, Blacks, the lot of them, all them aliens had it. And they had me working there†¦All them Blacks had it, Blacks, Greeks, Poles, the lot of them, that's what doing me out of a seat, treating me like dirt. When he come at me tonight. I told him. (Pause. ) Aston: Take a seat. That Davies should invoke in rapid succession a sense of injury, a major prejudice, and a defiant self-reliance gives us a quick resume of the potential roles he might adopt relative to Aston. That Aston ignores all there†¦ providing sympathy for the first, reinforcement for the second, nor admiration for the third gives us an immediate indication of the likelihood of their success. Incoherent SpeechAston's seeming refusal to encourage any of Davies's tentati ve roles provides Davies with major problems. In the face of Aston's taciturnity he is forced to thresh arourd desperately for some means of altering the situation. It soon becomes apparent that his large supply of words is not matched by a similar supply of verbal strategies. As the conversation progresses he simply resorts to repeated use of the tactics implicit in his first speech. Appeals to Aston's sympathy and to his prejudices recur repeatedly, though Davies is smart enough to defend himself against becoming a victim of the kinds of prejudice to which he feels vulnerable.All them toe-rags, mate, got the manners of pigs, I might have been on the food a few years but you can take it from me I'm clean. I keep myself up. That's why I left my wife. Fortnight after I married her, no, not so much as that, no more than a week. I took the lid off a saucepan, you know what was in pan. A pile of her underclothing, unwashed. The pan for vegetables, it was. The vegetable pan. That's when I left her and I haven't seen her since. As he finishes speaking he finds himself to face to face with a â€Å"statue of Buddha standing on the gas stove†.The mutual incompatibility of the stone face and that of the tramp comments directly on the success of these efforts to manipulate Aston's attitudes and concerns. The silent inscrutable Buddha, incongruously perched on the gas stove, is as much beyond Davies's comprehension as the taciturn Aston surrounded by the diverse objects collected in his room. Efforts at Self-Reliance Davies's other category of approaches involves attempts to assert a degree of independence from Aston. But his efforts to create an image of self-reliance are even less successful than his previous moves and not entirely compatible with them.His appeals for sympathy for his age and health mingle uneasily with assertions that he intends revenge for his misuse at the cafe: â€Å"I'll get him. One night I'll get him. When I find myself around that direct ion. † The strength of this commitment is clearly undermined by Davies's vague reference to when it will occur and by his admission that this would not be his primary reason for going there. In spite of these repeated failures, Davies's stock of variations on his manoeuvres is not yet exhausted. Indeed he has yet to play his trump card.Unsuccessful as the heroic survivor of the cafe incident, unsung as the virtuous rejecter of an unhygienic wife, and un-sympathised with as a downtrodden, exploited old man, he invokes a new image of one on the verge of self-sufficiency and success. The tack is circuitous, involving shoes, the weather, a false name, and papers that will â€Å"prove everything†. But, in essence, the theme is that of a journey to Sidcup which will solve all problems and structure his life anew. Once the journey is made all difficies will disappear, and Davies will once more be a man to be reckoned with. Davies: If only I could get down to Sidcup!I've been w aiting for the weather to break. He's got my papers, this man I left them with, it's got it all down there. I could prove everything. Aston: How long's he had them? Davies: What? Aston: How long's he had them? Davies: Oh, must be†¦ it was in the war†¦ must be†¦ about near on fifteen years ago. But this manoeuvre, too, is thwarted by Aston's reactions to it. Clearly, Davies does not match his emphasis on the importance of the journey with a similar commitment to getting there. The time lag he admits to makes nonsense of the value he places on the journey, as Aston's puzzlement is evident.Once again the haphazard dialogue is matched revealingly with an item of junk that is eminently visible but obliquely connected to its surroundings. Abuses Aston's Kindness and Generosity At this point, Aston's contribution to the ‘conversation' seems rather unfriendly, to say the least. Whatever Davies does to try to improve the connection between himself and Aston is neutralise d by his inability to elicit from Aston the responses he needs. To Davies it seems that Aston's posture of quiet superiority is a consistent strategic imperviousness to his needs and wiles.But Aston's behaviour seems peculiarly inconsistent. His apparent unconcern for Davies's psychological needs is sharply contrasted with an evident concern for his physical needs. Aston's initial generosity toward Davies in the cafe is extended by offers of cigarettes, shoes and money, and by a willingness to go and retrieve Davies's belongings for him. This inconsistency, this apparent lack of connection between two aspects of Aston's behaviour, is another manifestation of juxtaposed but unclearly linked data in the play.But its effect on the relationship is by no means unclear; this inconsistency disorients Davies and maintains his subservience as effectively as Mick's later inconsistent conversation. As this section progresses, however, it gradually becomes apparent that Aston's efforts (unlike Mick's) are not deliberately aimed at this goal. Indeed, it is very difficult at this point to perceive a deliberate aim in any of Aston's behavior. It does seem clear, however, that he does not share Davies's urgent need for a verbally explicit rapport. The problem the audience has in understanding Aston is obviously shared by Davies.Sensing the failure of his efforts to impose on Aston any of the relationship roles he has in mind, Davies eventually switches to trying to draw out of Aston information that might guide him to more successful manoeuvres. Feeding him topics dealing with The Room and its contents, Davies once more finds himself making little headway: Davies: You got any more rooms then, have you? Aston: Where? Davies: I mean, along the landing here†¦ up the landing there†¦ Aston: They're out of commission. Davies: Get away. Aston: They need a lot of doing to. (Slight Pause. ) Davies: What about downstairs?Aston: That's closed up. Needs seeing to†¦ The flo ors†¦ (Pause. ) Aston's Reticence Aston's unwillingness to discuss any of these more neutral topics suggests that his reluctance to converse with Davies is motivated by something more than mere resistance to Davies's wiles; the reluctance seems to proceed from a general antipathy toward any kind of conversation. But, paradoxically, he is not entirely unwilling to talk. While evasive about the house and his legal relationship to it, he does venture the information that he â€Å"might build† a shed in the back garden.This willingness to talk is further indicated by a sudden longer statement on the drinking of Guinness—a topic that he discusses with a seriousness that does little to calm the puzzled, uneasy Davies. I went into the pub the other day. Ordered a Guinness. They gave it to me in a thick mug. I sat down but I couldn't drink it. I can't drink Guinness from a thick mug. I only like it out of a thin glass. I had a few sips but I couldn't finish it. This relat es to nothing previously discussed, and whatever significance it has for Aston is not shared by Davies, who resorts to a quick change of subject.The short speech is undoubtedly odd, but the kind of oddity it represents provides the first clear indication of the basic difficulty confronting the pair. If Davies fails to respond to or follow up on this topic because he is unable to locate its significance, perhaps this is also the reason for Aston's similar reactions to Davies's conversation topics. The speech itself, while specifying nothing precisely undermines Davies's operating assumption that Aston's taciturnity is simply a manifestation of superiority and disinterest.Such an assumption has already been brought into question by Aston's non-verbal generosity to Davies, and this speech suggests that Aston, in spite of his general silence, also has a need to talk. The section ends with Aston, as he has done extensively during this opening scene, devoting his attention to a faulty plu g on an old electric toaster. His persistent concern for this faulty connection characterises the activity of the opening section: potential links between the characters remain uncertain because the means of establishing appropriate connections has gone awry.Davies: I used to know a bootmaker in Action. He was a good mate to me. (Pause) You know what that bastard monk said to me? (Pause) How many more Blacks you got around here then? Plays One Brother Against the Other That is when Davies turns to Mick, who plays a cat-and-mouse game with him. Davies tries to play one brother against the other in order to keep a roof over his head. He has been out on the road most of his life and he would like to cling to the crumbs he is offered. But his efforts are futile.Mick calls him â€Å"a fibber† who stinks the place out and Aston, in spite of all his earlier generosity, turns his back upon him. Davies's final image that we have, despite his desperate, pitiable condition is that of an old tramp who is ungrateful, self-deluded and cantankerous as he finally pleads with Aston: But†¦ lost†¦ look†¦ listen†¦ listen here †¦ I mean†¦. what am I going to do?†¦ What shall I do?†¦ Where am I going to go?†¦ Listen†¦ If I got down†¦ If I was to†¦ get my papers†¦ would you†¦ would you let†¦ would you†¦ if I got down†¦ got my†¦.

Tuesday, January 7, 2020

1993 Apush Dbq - 1277 Words

Tamara Singh APUSH 1993 DBQ Essay The 1700 hundreds was a time for people’s imaginations able to soar free in their heads and see the â€Å"New World† for all its infinite possibilities. There were many reasons for people to look for refuge or wealth in the newly discovered world. Some wanted to escape from harsh laws and strict religions of the European government, and others went for glory and money. When the new colonies like Jamestown was formed, so was two new societies. Both areas were settled for different reasons. The different reasons led to distinctive social, political, economic, and cultural hardships and rewards. The New England colonies and the Chesapeake colonies are prime examples of two different societies at the†¦show more content†¦People were not very united in their communities and yet most of the colonists were righteous and pious people. The communities were lead by a good strong leader, like their ships commander. The government had to report all to their king (Doc ument G) and also had very little real power of the people it ruled (Document H). This lead to many revolts such as Bacon’s rebellion in 1676. The colonists were also not on good terms with the Native Americans. Not like in the New England area, where they relied on the Native Americans. The settlers were pushing the limits of the treaty boarders. When the government tried to settle the quarrel, a rebellion was created and forever driving a knife between the hopes of a united community. The Chesapeake Bay was big in trading. This kept the colony thriving. They traded things like tobacco to Europe for supplies. They were semi sufficient but partially relied on the trade for money and necessities. New Englanders migrated as families, and family was the source of New England life. This contributed to the difference between the Chesapeake region and the New England region. The New England colonies were a completely different story. The New England colonies were formed by large gr oups of English families and some from other countries. These people came to the new world for a new start. They sailed the seas in large family units and followed their leader from their

Sunday, December 29, 2019

What Is the Most Radioactive Element

Radioactivity is a measure of the rate an atomic nucleus decomposes into pieces that are more stable. Its somewhat complicated, trying to determine relative radioactivity  because there can be many unstable steps in the decay process before an element finally breaks into stable pieces. All of the elements from element 84 on up are extremely radioactive. These elements have no ​stable isotopes. Polonium Because it is a naturally-occurring element that releases a huge amount of energy, many sources cite polonium as the most radioactive element. Polonium is so radioactive it glows blue, which is caused by excitation of the gas particles by radiation. A single milligram of polonium emits as many alpha particles as 5 grams of radium. It decays to release energy at the rate of 140W/g. The decay rate is too high that it can raise the temperature of a half gram sample of polonium to over 500 °C and subject you to a contact gamma-ray dose rate of 0.012 Gy/h, which is more than enough radiation to kill you. Nobelium and Lawrencium Other elements besides polonium actually emit more particles, such as nobelium and lawrencium. The half-life for these elements is measured in mere minutes! Contrast this with the half-life of polonium, which is 138.39 days. Element Number 118 According to the Periodic Table of Radioactivity, at this time the most radioactive element known to man is element number 118, Oganesson. The decay rates for the latest man-made elements are so fast that its hard to quantify how quickly they break apart, but element 118 has the heaviest known nucleus to date. These elements break apart essentially the instant they are created. It is reasonable to expect the title of most radioactive will be taken over by some new, as-yet-undiscovered element. Perhaps element 120, which scientists are working to produce, will be the new most radioactive element.

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Slavery and Sex Trafficking Essay - 1303 Words

When we hear the word slavery our mind paints a picture of colonial America down in the South with big plantation houses harvesting wheat, with workers being unpaid and unfairly treated. At this time in our county we were struggling with the idea of equality for all. America has come a long way from those days but not with out a fight. Abraham Lincoln, the Civil Rights moment and free and public education has been addressed. Today, we face a new conflicts and a different type of slavery. Slavery and sex trafficking is occurring not just abroad but at home as well. In 2004, â€Å"800,000 to 9000,000 men women and children are trafficked across international borders every year, including 18,000 to 20,000 in the US. Worldwide slavery is in the†¦show more content†¦Prostitution is describing the selling of sex that does not need consent or coercion. Trafficking covers coercion and forced labor as well as slavery. (P. 502) The main difference is that same women choose to go into prostitution on economic grounds and tracking is done through force. When someone wants to participate in something, even if its concerned bad, unhealthy or unsafe its harder to protect them for the dangers. Millions of women have made the discussion to sell sex bassed on economic grounds. Some women making UK100 a night selling sex isn’t going to want to sweep floors or kit sweaters for half the price and more hard labor. (p. 502) Women can make much better money and better their economic status by being a prostitute. Here in the US we see selling sex as a moral issue that needs to stop. This brings up another issue, that women here are battling between moral ideology and the reality of the situation. Women in other counties don’t have the same values, beliefs or rights that we have here. For most of us its seems unreal that women and young girls would sell there body like that but to them it’s a way to better there situation and their life. Women also have a different mind set about what they are doing. They see themselves as sex workers, its job and that’s all it is. (p. 502) Kate Butcher believes that getting ride of sex trafficking isn’t going to help and its isn’t a realistic goal. WhatShow MoreRelatedSex Slavery And Human Trafficking2202 Words   |  9 Pages Sex Slavery and Human Trafficking in Nigeria Ramapo College of New Jersey Kaitlyn Cestaro Human Trafficking is defined in article 3, paragraph (a) of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receivingRead MoreSex Trafficking Is Modern Day Slavery1175 Words   |  5 PagesSex trafficking is basically modern day slavery. It’s terrible, sex traffickers use violence, threats, and lies to compel and trick not only adults, but innocent children to get involved in commercial sex acts against their will. 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This act of slavery affected many people for the good and the bad. The economy and plantation owners were affected in the act of slavery. You should be informed that, how slavery affectedRead MoreThe Sex Trade: Slavery and Prostitution Essay1387 Words   |  6 Pagestheir slaves (Potocky, 2010). Sex trade is a global problem presently and will increase throughout the world if nothing is done to prevent and el iminate it. Sex slavery is a type of prostitution in which the trafficker’s make an increased profit through the solicitation of slaves. Sex trade will continue if nothing is done to prevent it globally. Lastly, in order for sex slavery to be abolished, international governments will have to take action and support anti-sex trade. A future epidemic of womenRead More Human Trafficking Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Trafficking is the unlawful trade of human beings for various purposes such as reproductive slavery or sex slavery. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime [UNODC] protocol on trafficking, â€Å"Trafficking in Persons is the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving