Current Health Care Issues Free Essays

Current Health Care Issues HCS/545 Camille Fuller University of Phoenix The health care industry exist to provide preventative measures, diagnose health conditions, repair, and provide services to improve the quality of life. The cost of health care continues to rise each year. Health care fraud is a factor that continues to plague the health care industry. We will write a custom essay sample on Current Health Care Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now The affect health care fraud has on hospitals, is the increasing cost of medical services. The following research will examine and evaluate how organizational structure and governance, culture and the lack of focus on social responsibility affects on health care fraud. The following research will also include recommendations for prevention of health care fraud, recommendations for change of structure, governance, and culture. The following research will include prevention measure for future situations involving health care fraud. Health care fraud is a preventable situation in hospitals across the nation. Hospitals spend thousands of dollars on quality assurance and patient safety and still health care fraud continues to occur. Individuals across the nation make a living through health care fraud. Honest, hard working citizens of this country are financing health care fraud recipients, not by choice. Insurance companies, Medicare, and Medicaid are being schemed by fraudulent businesses. Channel 11 news in Colorado a scheme called, â€Å"Medical Provider Identity Theft† has been uncovered. Perpetrators stol the identity of a physician in Pueblo, Colorado. The perpetrators set up an office in Denver, Colorado called, â€Å"A Plus Billing. † The office and address was used to receive mail and phone calls. The physician’s name and medical identification number was used to bill Medicare for test and procedures that were not preformed. This type of scheme is running rampant across the United States. Dr. Cabiling did not know that his identity had been stolen until he received a phone call from Medicare. Medicare asked Dr. Cabiling if he practiced in Denver and Dr. Cabiling said, â€Å"No. † Medicare then notified Dr. Cabililng that they had received bills from an office in Denver with his name and medical identification number for payment of services rendered. Dr. Cabiling only practices in Pueblo and not in Denver. Further investigation uncovered more than $1. 8 million dollars had been paid out to the A Plus Billing Company. â€Å"Court documents show the address A Plus Billing used was 600 17th Street in Denver, room 2800. The company submitted bills for numerous things including MRI’s and EKG testing, claiming they had medical offices at that address. But instead, 11 News discovered it was home to a company hired to receive mail and answer the phone for $150 a month. And, according to records, the lady who was suppose to pay that bill, Aliya Valeeva, is no longer in the country. Medicare sent the money to an account at a BBVA/Compass Bank in Denver, under the name of A Plus Billing. Now the FBI has moved to seize nearly $800,000 of it (Potter, 2011). † Dr. Cabiling inadvertently received checks from Cigna, leading the physician to believe that the ghost company had targeted other insurance companies other than Medicare. Prior to President Obama’s health care reform, insurance companies were required to submit payment for services rendered within 15 days of receipt of the claim. Since President Obama’s health care reform act the timeline for payment of services rendered gives agencies more time to make payments, review and investigate claims. Fraudulent claims are easier to detect with the new health care reform in affect. Fraudulent claims are nothing new to insurance companies. Perpetrators have targeted insurance companies for a long time. Medicare and Medicaid are the two type of insurance companies targeted. Medicare and Medicaid staff is inundated with claims. There are more claims to be processed then there are staff and time. New timelines and guidances to follow, allow the staff to follow up on suspicious claims. Since the Affordable Health Care Act was passed and implemented â€Å"Medicare officials say with their new tools for fighting fraud, they have reclaimed $4 billion last year alone (Potter, 2011)†. The previous organizational structure for payment of services rendered did not allow officials enough time to investigate claims to ensure the claims were legitimate. Perpetrators study the law and use the knowledge to fraud insurance and government agencies. The governance of rules, regulations and laws was not stringent enough to stop perpetrators from frauding the system. New guidelines allow agencies more time to detect suspicious claims, investigate and save the insurance companies millions of dollars. Society does not concentrate on proactive actions to prevent fraud, instead society deals with the problem after the fact. Consumer watch groups do not have tools in place to prevent fraud. Perpetrators rely on the oversites of insurance companies in order to target and fraud insurance companies. Insurance companies and the federal government should pool resources using a percentage of profits to finance a task force to arrestively fight fraud. The penalty for fraud should be more stringent which will cause perpetrators to think twice before formulating a plan to commit fraud. The Affordable Health Care Act is the beginning of many programs established to fight against fraud. Health care fraud is a growing problem and should be taken more seriously by citizens of the United States. Physicians, health care workers, and patients are responsible for proactively protecting personal information to prevent identity theft. The case of Dr. Cabiling could not have occured if his medical identity had not been stolen. A closer watch of personal information to prevent identity theft is the beginning to prevent health care fraud. The federal government should have in place the ability to prosecute offenders to the fullest extent. Harsh punishment may deter offenders from comiting the offence. Ethical issues concerning medical fraud is as simple as knowing what is right and what is wrong. Society should take responsibility of his or her own personal information. Identity theft is no secret, therefore society should be more proactive. Do not leave an open door for offenders to walk in and take what does not belong them. The laws for offenders should be more stringent. The current structure of physicans medical information is too easy to obtain. The structure of physicains medical information should be in encripted messages making the degree of difficulty high enough to ward off offenders. There are some offenders that will stop at nothing until they have gotten the information he or she is wishes to obtain. Stricter rules and guidelines can ward off these offenders. Governance over the guidelines for payment for services rendered should include the following; varification of physician’s medical information making sure the physican is aware of the charges being submitted to insurance companies. The time line for payments to be released to physicians or billing companies are lenghtened to allow incurance companies time to investigate suspecious claims. The culture of one waiting for another to do what is right is an occurance needing change. The culture can be changed through leading by example. Educating society through public service announcement is a start. Public service announcements reach more people than emails, newspaper articles, and phoone calls. An aggressive campaign to stamp out medical fraud through prosecuting identity theft offenders is an additional way to combat medical fraud. Through public service announcements society is informed of his or her responsibility to protect personal information to prevent identity theft and medical fraud. Fighting identiy theft and medical fraud cost less than the billions of dollars paid out to offenders. Remind society they the communities in which he or she live in are the one that ultimately pay the price through higher health care premiums, higher prices for health care services, and through higher taxes. In conclusion health care fraud is now being done through identity theft. Identity theft can be combatted through public awareness and the public taking responsibility to protect his or her own persoanl information. Dr. Cabiling through no fault of his own was a victim of identity theft. Dr. Cabiling did not know that his medical identity had been stolen until he received a phone call from Medicare. Dr. Cabiling can now contact the different insurance companies to alert them of the fraudulant activities concerning his medical information. The insurance companies can contact Dr. Cabiling prior to making payments on calims. The insurance companies making phone calls to Dr. Cabiling may take more time, but will save the companies money in the long run. Combatting medical fraud and identity theft is everyone’s responsibility. References Cohen, G. (2010, March/April). Medical tourism: The view from ten thousand feet. Hastings Center Report, 40(2), 11. Health care reform to have impact on ethics. (2010, May). Medical Ethics Advisor, 26(5), 54. K. Potter, 2011. Medicare Fraud Scheme Takes Nearly $2 Million, Pueblo Doctor’s Identity Stolen; http://www. kktv. com/home/headlines/Medicare_Fraud_Scheme_Steals_Millions_131567818. html How to cite Current Health Care Issues, Papers

Detection and Management of Child Abuse Cases

Question: Discuss about theDetection and Management of Child Abuse Cases. Answer: Introduction Child Abuse is a hidden epidemic that children are suffering across the globe. Children are getting severely affected by the abuses that are physical, mental, sexual, and emotional. It is important to detect the signs of abuse and take steps to treat and bring them out of the trauma they are suffering from. Steps are taken to manage the situation, but still, a lot need to be done to make the world a better place to live (Gan, 2011). Issues, Measures, and Improvement Child abuse is a well-known suffering; steps to protect children against it are being taken. Still, the rate of child abuse cases is increasing every day. There are many factors that influence child abuses. Individual, family and environmental factors increase or decrease the risk of child abuse (McDonald, 2007). Victimization factor which includes childs age, special needs like intellectual disabilities, chronic physical illnesses, and mental health issues also added a risk factor. Social issues like a single parent or young parental age, low income, parental mental health, history of abuse of a parent, social isolation, parenting stress, and poor child-parent relationship lead to increased child abuse cases. Though these factors provide information about the children who are at maximum risk of child abuse and neglect, these are not direct causes and cannot predict the abuser (WHO, 2007). World-wide actions are being taken to detect and help the abused child and also measures are taken to decrease the child abuse cases. Ms. Lim a doctor working with Child Protective Services informed about a case where a child of 3 years was regularly beaten by her father when the case came to them they straight forward taken action and sent the child in the foster care (Rong, 2016). This is an example that measures are being taken to stop child abuse. There are other measures also like advising a parent if they are facing difficulties in managing children, teaching children about sexual abuse to prevent it. Along with it, there are few legislative frameworks to stop child abuse that includes The Children and Young Persons Act (CPYA), The Child Care Centres Act, and Inter-Ministry Working Group on the Management of Child Abuse ("Singapore landmark ruling in transgender child abuse case - BBC News," 2016). Many pieces of evidences that include scientific literature state that child abuse can be prevented. Still, little thought has been given to child abuse prevention regarding policy and research. A boy named Daniel lost his life as he was abused by his mother and her boyfriend who are now sentenced to jail for four years. Before Daniel, they had made a girl name Fiona also suffer the same faith, but nothing was done at that time ("Singapore landmark ruling in transgender child abuse case - BBC News," 2016). If steps were taken at the right moment, then Daniel may have survived. The report says The Ministry of Social and Family Development and Child Protective Services received more than 2,000 inquiries and reports of child abuse in the year 2015. Out of these 551 incidents were of serious abuse. From 2012-2014 there is an increase of 40% serious child abuse cases (Baharudin, Rong, Leo, 2016). This proves that existing measures are not sufficient to stop the increasing child abuse. St ern and serious measures need to be taken to stop the cruelty against children. Child Abuse is not a problem that has easy solutions. Though, improvement in the child protection, prevention, and treatment are not beyond reach. The greatest obstacle is the lack of information and awareness about child abuse and responding to child abuse. No serious legal rules are being in use that brings terror in the mind of people who abuse children (WHO, 2007). Some improvements that can be brought in the measures of preventing child abuse are by providing information for effective action against child abuse, making people aware how to prevent child abuse, effective and efficient care services for families of the victim that includes the protection for the victim and some stern rules in the law. All these together can help in decreasing the increasing rate of child abuse around the world ("Singapore landmark ruling in transgender child abuse case - BBC News," 2016). Conclusion Abusing innocent children mentally, physically, sexually, or emotionally cannot be justified in any way. It is very important that steps should be taken to identify if any child is going through the trauma of child abuse and serious punishment should be given to the abuser so that it cannot repeat his/her criminal task again. Information and awareness about child abuse and how it can be prevented should be given regularly till it ends completely. Children are future of the world if they have a traumatized childhood then they will not be able to prosper in their life with full happiness that they are liable of. Hence, it is important that everyone should take steps to prevent child abuse to spread its wings and harm innocent children. References Baharudin, H., Rong, S., Leo, L. (2016).Why didn't anyone protect Daniel from abuse?.The Straits Times. Gan, G. (2011).Management of Child Abuse in Singapore. McDonald, K. (2007).Child Abuse: Approach and Management - American Family Physician.Aafp.org. Rong, S. (2016).Playing a part in stopping child abuse.AsiaOne. Singapore landmark ruling in transgender child abuse case - BBC News. (2016).BBC News. WHO,. (2007).Preventing Child Maltreatment: a guide to taking action and generating evidence.World Health Organization.

Gay Marriages

Table of Contents Introduction Arguments against Gay Marriages Marriage and Children Taking Care of Children Debate on whether Marriage is a Civil Right Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Homosexuality refers to sexual desires among people of the same gender. In the past, psychological journals classified it as a mental disorder. However, it was removed from the journals in 1973. To date, most theorists still try to find out the exact circumstances under which individuals become homosexuals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gay Marriages specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Homosexuality is a highly condemned behaviour especially by church leaders because it is considered unethical and against God’s law of creation. The perception that homosexuality is a sin and abominable leads to ethical dilemmas about the practice. The ethical dilemmas are further heightened by individuals who believe that it is not rig ht to discriminate against homosexuals. Individuals who oppose homosexuality argue that gay marriages should not be allowed because homosexuality is unethical while supporters of the practice argue that homosexuals should be allowed to get marred (Cahill 20). Debates about gay marriages have continued in different parts of the world. Allowing two individuals of the same gender to live together as a couple has caused varied reactions among different people. Religious groups and gay communities are among those who express strong views about gay marriages, with each side defending its convictions about the practice. Religious groups argue that gay marriages should not be allowed while gay communities support the practice. Religious groups play a major role in ensuring that gay marriages do not attain legal recognition. Both Christians and gay communities express strong convictions about homosexuality and gay marriages. All convictions are based on religious texts. Moral and ethical iss ues that surround gay marriages in the United States cannot be ignored because the matter has influenced the manner in which the American citizens lead their lives. Arguments against Gay Marriages Different groups have been fighting for gay rights such as the right to marriage. However, the issue of gay marriages in the United States is surrounded by numerous ethical dilemmas. Religious conservatives have been fighting for gay marriages to be legalised although it might not be possible because the Supreme Court has not issued explicit legal directives that prohibit gay marriages.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Religious organisations give different reasons to justify their opposition to gay marriages in the United States. They believe that it is unnatural for individuals of the same gender to get married because the sanctity of marriage should be respected. Marriage is a union between a man and a woman with the aim of raising children. Religious organisations use biblical quotes to prove that gay marriages are morally wrong. The most familiar biblical argument that they use to argue against gay marriages is found in Leviticus 20:13, which says that it is a sin for a man to have a sexual relationship with another man (Nagile 10). Historically, marriage has played an important role in promoting human relationships. It involves the union of a man and a woman in order to support each other morally, emotionally, economically and also to bring up children. Most societies perceive marriage as holy hence it should only involve one woman and one man. However, the debate on gay marriages in different parts of the world has elicited serious concerns because it is surrounded by ethical and moral dilemmas. One question that many people ask is whether marriage should strictly involve one man and one woman. The United States has to deal with a serious ethical dilemma be cause some groups have been fighting for the civil rights of gay people although homosexuality is morally and ethically unacceptable. The issue of gay marriages in the United States has been a subject of public discussion in the recent past. Some states have been issuing and recalling marriage licenses, which give gays an opportunity to live together as a couple. The implication is that legislating on whether gay marriages should be allowed or not has been difficult. It has often been argued that instead of granting complete marriage rights to gays, domestic partnerships that allow them to live together as couples should be created. Individuals who oppose the marriages argue that allowing full marriage rights to gays would destroy traditional and religious marriages.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gay Marriages specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, gay communities believe that they should be given complete marriage rights because they do not enjoy the civil rights that are enjoyed by other people. For example, medical practitioners are bound by state laws to call family members of gay couples regarding health conditions of the individuals regardless of whether they have their partners with them or not (Nagile 15). Marriage and Children Legalising gay marriages in the United States would be harmful to the society because of various reasons. To begin with, legal recognition of gay marriages would allow the society to engage in unions that are morally wrong. In the United States, religion is highly valued hence marriages between individuals of the same gender are not encouraged. In addition, gay couples do not have the ability to produce children through acceptable and right procreation methods. As a result, gay marriages would be a threat to the continuity of the human race. They might also give rise to other practices such as adoption of children. This would deny innocent chi ldren the privilege of growing up in a family set up, which has a mother and a father. Homosexuals try to use legal provisions in a bid to fight for their rights, but allowing them to acquire marriage status would be against the public good (Cahill 20). Individuals who argue against gay marriages point out that marriage should not only be a union between two people. A marriage should represent a friendly relationship, which should enable two individuals to raise children. The only union that allows conception and an opportunity to raise children is that of a man and a woman. Culturally, the family unit is comprised of a man and a woman, who come together to raise children. This perception of marriage underscores the importance of marriage in ensuring continuity of the human race. Supporters of gay marriages on the other hand argue that sperm donation can be used to create children for gay couples. However, their critics say that the couples would always be forced to adopt processes that are outside their bodies to get children. This would deny the children the relationship that they should enjoy with their biological parents (Baker 10).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Critics of gay marriages in the United States point out that the practice is morally wrong because the purpose of a marriage is to portray a relationship between a man and a woman and the ability to get children. Although gay couples might have legal basis to get children through other means other than natural birth, they fail to satisfy the moral and ethical purpose of a marriage (The Politics and Ethics of Gay Marriages 5). Taking Care of Children The task of bringing up children in the United States is considered as a great responsibility that parents should accomplish successfully. It is agreeable that children need parents who should take care of them and guide them as they grow up. Many people argue that the most suitable environment for children to grow up is a home where there is a mother and a father. This enables them to acquire important lessons from both parents. Supporters of gay marriages on the other hand argue that gay couples who adopt children can provide them with a suitable environment to grow up and also the love that they need. However, it is not possible for gay couples to provide the love that is provided by a father and a mother as they raise their children. Debate on whether Marriage is a Civil Right The United States is a country that values and respects the rights of all citizens. Due to ethical and moral issues associated with gay marriages, questions have been raised on whether marriage is a right and whether it should be restricted. Majority of the American citizens believe that marriage is a right, which everybody is entitled to. Supporters of gay marriages believe that gay communities should not be restricted from getting married. There is also the question of whether the government should give a definition of marriage and exercise control over marriages. This is because the government is responsible for defining and restricting other rights. It also restricts certain rights in order to prevent the larger society from harm or t o encourage the societal members to embrace something that is beneficial. In this context, the government indirectly restricts marriage in order to protect the welfare of children, family stability and societal well-being (Corvino 65). The government also restricts marriage dissolution processes and the rights of children in case a marriage is dissolved. Most Americans still feel that the government should issue a definition of marriage, which allows marriages between one man and one woman. This would make it difficult for courts to disrespect federal laws that outlaw gay marriages. However, the ethical question inherent in such a decision is whether a definition of marriage that restricts it to a relationship between one woman and one man rightfully explains marriage, or whether it erroneously denies homosexuals the luxury of getting married. This is an issue that can be addressed if individuals define marriage in their own ways and its place in the society. The ethical and moral i ssues surrounding gay marriages can be addressed on the basis of how marriage is defined by individuals. Conclusion Marriage in the United States is considered as a sacred institution, which provides the right environment for a man and a woman to raise children. However, emergence of gay marriages has elicited serious debates in different parts of the world. Opponents of the practice argue that it should not be allowed since it is morally and ethically wrong. On the other hand, supporters of gay marriages argue that prohibiting the practice denies them their civil rights. In order to ensure that the issue of gay marriages is resolved without offending any side, it is important for the government of the United States to define marriage clearly. Works Cited Baker, Brittney. Same-Sex Marriage and Religion: An Inappropriate Relationship. 2010. Web. Cahill, Sean. Same Sex Marriage In The United States: Focus On The Facts. New york: Lexington Books, 2004.Print. Corvino, John. Same sex: De bating the ethics, science, and culture of homosexuality. Boston: Rowman Littlefield, 1999.Print. Nagile, Jeanne. Same-Sex Marriage. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, 2010.Print. The Politics and Ethics of Gay Marriages 2003. Web. This essay on Gay Marriages was written and submitted by user Randall Mccray to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Protest Songs

Protest Songs Protest songs flooded the air of college radios during the 1960’s. The Civil Rights movement was the biggest domestic news and a time was coming when action was going to be taken against legalized segregation. On the foreign front, the draft was tearing young men from their homes as soon as graduated from high school. During these times of protest, many music artists supported the rallies with songs challenging the social order. Protest songs of the 1960’s played an important roll in the most turbulent decade of the Twentieth Century. P.F. Sloan’s â€Å"Eve of Destruction† sung by Barry McGuire and Bob Dylan’s â€Å"These Times They Are A-Changin’† have some similarities, but were aimed at different concerns. Both songs were written in the early to mid-1960’s and dealt with the political issues of Civil Rights act and the Vietnam War. However, â€Å"These Times They Are A-Changin’† is a folk song, and â€Å"Eve of Destruction† is of the rock genre. â€Å"Eve of Destruction†, written in 1965, highlights the tragedies of war and seems to focus on Vietnam. Sloan writes â€Å"you’re old enough to kill but not for votin’†. This line is in reference to the fact that 18-year old males were eligible to be drafted and sent to fight for their country, yet didn’t even hold a political voice. Sloan’s line of â€Å"If the button is pushed, there’s no running away, There’ll be nothing to save with the world in a grave† seems to be referring to the chance of utilizing nuclear weapons as a solution would, in fact, be an end to humanity . The next verse begins the section concerning the Civil Rights movement. Sloan says â€Å"handful of Senators don’t pass legislation, and marches alone can’t bring integration, when human respect is disintegratin’†. He’s talking about the Civil Rights amendment in congress and the fact that legal procedures need to be taken rather than just protests and marches. The first t... Free Essays on Protest Songs Free Essays on Protest Songs Protest Songs Protest songs flooded the air of college radios during the 1960’s. The Civil Rights movement was the biggest domestic news and a time was coming when action was going to be taken against legalized segregation. On the foreign front, the draft was tearing young men from their homes as soon as graduated from high school. During these times of protest, many music artists supported the rallies with songs challenging the social order. Protest songs of the 1960’s played an important roll in the most turbulent decade of the Twentieth Century. P.F. Sloan’s â€Å"Eve of Destruction† sung by Barry McGuire and Bob Dylan’s â€Å"These Times They Are A-Changin’† have some similarities, but were aimed at different concerns. Both songs were written in the early to mid-1960’s and dealt with the political issues of Civil Rights act and the Vietnam War. However, â€Å"These Times They Are A-Changin’† is a folk song, and â€Å"Eve of Destruction† is of the rock genre. â€Å"Eve of Destruction†, written in 1965, highlights the tragedies of war and seems to focus on Vietnam. Sloan writes â€Å"you’re old enough to kill but not for votin’†. This line is in reference to the fact that 18-year old males were eligible to be drafted and sent to fight for their country, yet didn’t even hold a political voice. Sloan’s line of â€Å"If the button is pushed, there’s no running away, There’ll be nothing to save with the world in a grave† seems to be referring to the chance of utilizing nuclear weapons as a solution would, in fact, be an end to humanity . The next verse begins the section concerning the Civil Rights movement. Sloan says â€Å"handful of Senators don’t pass legislation, and marches alone can’t bring integration, when human respect is disintegratin’†. He’s talking about the Civil Rights amendment in congress and the fact that legal procedures need to be taken rather than just protests and marches. The first t...

Obesity Epidemic in America Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Obesity Epidemic in America - Research Paper Example Obesity is considered a major health risk factor in different diseases, especially those related to cardiovascular illnesses (WHO, 2011). These diseases are a major cause of concern because they often lead to high morbidity and mortality rates. The global rates of obesity are fast increasing; people around the world are getting more and more obese. The WHO reveals that by the year 2015, there will be about 2.3 billion overweight adults in the world and about 700 million of these would likely be obese (BBC News, 2008). This problem is considered a contemporary problem because obesity statistics were not even known to exist 50 years ago. This increase has mostly been attributed to the prevalence of convenience foods and labor saving devices which have driven many individuals to high fat diets and sedentary lifestyles. It is also a major issue among children with about 20 million children under the age of 5 being overweight (BBC News, 2008). Since the 1980s, the rates for obesity grew t o extensive levels and in OECD nations, one in 2 adults was considered overweight; 1 in 6 was considered obese (Robb, 2010). This rate is expected to increase by 1% each year for the next 10 years in some nations. These rates are highest in the United States, Mexico, and are lowest in Japan and Korea; everywhere else, the numbers are increasing (Robb, 2010). One in three children of the world is considered overweight. They are exposed to risks associated with obesity including a reduction of 8-10 years in their expected life span – this is similar to smokers. They are also likely to develop diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer (Robb, 2010). Obesity is also a burden to the health care system and expenditure because the expenditure among these patients is at least 25% higher than for those with normal weight. In the US, childhood obesity is a major problem and if this issue is not somehow resolved within the next few years, these children would likely suf fer major weight-related diseases much earlier than expected. Considering the above scenario, this paper shall now discuss the obesity epidemic in the United States. It shall discuss the causes of obesity in America, the effects and health issues related to obesity, the current health programs being implemented to address the obesity issue, and the effectiveness of these health programs. This paper shall also come up with recommendations in order to address this growing problem. Body/Discussion Causes of obesity in America There are various causes of obesity in the United States. Experts have weighed in on this discussion and they have acknowledged that the main causes of obesity are the amount, the quality of food intake, and the sedentary living of Americans. The volume of food that the average American is taking seems to have increased during the past few years and the quality of these foods have also shifted to high-fat, high salt, and high-caloric content foods (Goodman, 2006). The fact that Americans have reduced their physical activities is also a major contributory factor to obesity. The portions in the food servings in the US have grown significantly in the past decade or so – especially the portions which are eaten away from home which mostly include fast foods from various food chains. The trends in the US have included the value menus which sell food items, like burgers and fries for lower prices but at lower costs (American Heart Association, n.d). These portions

Discuss the role of craft and decoration in C.H. Townsend's Essay

Discuss the role of craft and decoration in C.H. Townsend's Whitechapel Art Gallery (1901) what kind of social ambitions do th - Essay Example He was born in Birkenhead, Cheshire and started his architectural career as a draftsman in London. He later branched off to his own in 1877 and built connections with RIBA and the Art Workers Guild. He became the Master of the Art Workers Guild in 1903. It has been argued that he might have been the only English Architect to have worked in Art Nouveau. However, Townsend considered himself an exponent of the freestyle movement of the Arts and Crafts Movement. Some of his buildings that stand out in style and originality include the Bishops Gate Institute, the Horniman Museum and the Whitechapel Art Gallery. The Whitechapel Art Gallery was a clear attempt by Townsend to showcase the spirit and ideals of the Arts and Crafts Movement. On the exterior, the building has a two tower feature that is a signature feature of Townsend’s architectural designs. It has a relatively wide frontage and it fits organically into the environment around it. Perhaps this imposing nature of the desig n was intended to portray the building as an important and authoritative structure in the East London area. By blending organically with the surroundings, the structure ably served its purpose of providing recreation for the locals without seeming pervasive. The main doors of the Whitechapel gallery go in at the street level. The placement of the doors is done in an asymmetrical way on one side. The large semi-circular light above them naturally takes the eye upwards leading to the impressive keyed arch on top. From the onset, the art gallery was designed for the people. Hence, by putting the doors to go in straight at the street level, Townsend projected the building as easily accessible. A person walking on the streets could instantly connect with the building and easily enter if interested. Also, the light on top of the door was a natural way of allowing a person’s eyes to wander and explore the other compelling feature of the building: the rounded, arched keyway. This dec orative and artistic piece purposively ushered a person into the art gallery in a subtle way. Suffice to say, the keyed arch is neatly tucked into the building and not protruding into the streets in an intrusive manner. This design made the building to feel like a natural fit into the surrounding area without seeming intrusive. The elaborate frontage design of the building was perhaps meant to make it standout in contrast with the railway stations that were already running in the place. The railway stations were uninviting and dull. Also, the underground trains were running through darkness in the tunnels. In contrast, the Whitechapel Art Gallery frontage was bright and welcoming. It opened quickly into a space where the mind could engage in a captivating journey. The frontage of the building was meant to act as an inducement for people to come into the gallery and explore the art pieces on exhibition. The design had the role of attracting passer-bys and engages their curiosity on t he things that they could find inside the gallery. In fact, the gallery attracted over two hundred thousand people during its first exhibition. The towers of the building are square in design but taper as they rise. At the top, the towers divide into four turrets with a larger turret in between. Previously, Townsend had a much more bold design that he showcased 1890s. The design of the towers projected the relationship between the earth and the

Dr, Charles R. Drew Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dr, Charles R. Drew - Essay Example In 1922, he got the opportunity to join the Amherst College. In his time of study at Amherst, Drew received numerous athletic awards. Later after graduating from Amherst College, he took the position of director of athletics and lecturer of chemistry and biology at Morgan State College. He worked at Morgan College for a period of two years, and later joined a medical school using the savings he had made when working as a lecturer (Hoover 837). Drew had chosen Howard University as his first choice, but the University declined to offer him an admission because he did not have two hours of English credits. However, Drew was offered an admission at McGill University in Montreal, Canada, where his credits in English were satisfactory. At McGill University, Drew was elected to Alpha Omega Alpha and acquired a master of surgery together with a doctor of medicine. Later, Drew went for an internship at the Royal Victoria Hospital and then proceeded for internal medicine at the Montreal Genera l Hospital. After one at Montreal, Drew returned to Howard University to work as a lecturer in pathology. While working as a lecturer, he also worked as a resident surgeon at Howard University (Cornwell 612). Achievements and Contributions At Howard, Dr. Numa Adams, a dean at the time Drew was working as a lecturer was developing a clinical faculty of high standards with the main aim of providing accredited graduate residency programs to physicians of black origin. Dr. Adams took interest in Drew and organized for a two year Rockefeller fellowship for Drew. This saw Drew moving to Columbia University, where he was put under the supervision of Dr. Allen Oldfather Whipple. At Columbia University, Drew was assigned the laboratory of Dr. John Scudder and practiced there from 1938-1940. Drew and Dr. Scudder worked together and went on to perfect in the science of extracting plasma from blood. Their perfection in the science of blood transfusion was a major contribution in saving peoplesà ¢â‚¬â„¢ lives during the World War II. The contribution of Drew’s work of blood transfusion during the World War II remains one of the things drew is remembered for throughout the world (Gordon 223). Other contributions of Drew in surgical science included a better understanding of causes of shock and accurate measurement and replacement of fluids, blood, and electrolytes. In his first year of his fellowship, the Columbia University issued a vacancy in the surgical residency program, and Drew was lucky to get the appointment. While, at the surgical resident at Columbia, Drew got permission to attend an annual meeting of the John Andrew clinical society in Tuskegee. The organizer of the annual meeting was John Andrew Memorial Hospital. On his way to the annual meeting, Drew was involved in a road accident near Burlington, NC (Gordon 223). In June 1940, Drew was awarded a doctor of science in medicine by the Columbia University for his thesis titled â€Å"Banked Blood: A study in Blood Preservation†. In the same year, Drew went back to Howard to work as an assistant professor of surgery. In 1939, Drew married Minnie Lenore Robbins and was blessed with Bebe, Charlene, Rhea and Charles. In 1941, Drew got a certification from the American Board of surgery and also received the coveted Spingarn Medal from the NAACP. The medal came as a result of